2022
Mendoza-Silva, Germán Martin; Costa, Ana Cristina; Torres-Sospedra, Joaquín; Painho, Marco; Huerta-Guijarro, Joaquín
Environment-Aware Regression for Indoor Localization Based on WiFi Fingerprinting Journal Article
In: IEEE Sensors Journal, vol. 22, no. 6, pp. 4978-4988, 2022, ISSN: 1558-1748.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Indoor localization, Wi-Fi fingerprint
@article{Mendoza-Silva2022a,
title = {Environment-Aware Regression for Indoor Localization Based on WiFi Fingerprinting},
author = {Germán Martin Mendoza-Silva and Ana Cristina Costa and Joaquín Torres-Sospedra and Marco Painho and Joaquín Huerta-Guijarro},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2021.3073878},
issn = {1558-1748},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-03-15},
journal = {IEEE Sensors Journal},
volume = {22},
number = {6},
pages = {4978-4988},
abstract = {Data enrichment through interpolation or regression is a common approach to deal with sample collection for Indoor Localization with WiFi fingerprinting. This paper provides guidelines on where to collect WiFi samples and proposes a new model for received signal strength regression. The new model creates vectors that describe the presence of obstacles between an access point and the collected samples. The vectors, the distance between the access point and the positions of the samples, and the collected, are used to train a Support Vector Regression. The experiments included some relevant analyses and showed that the proposed model improves received signal strength regression in terms of regression residuals and positioning accuracy.},
keywords = {Indoor localization, Wi-Fi fingerprint},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Data enrichment through interpolation or regression is a common approach to deal with sample collection for Indoor Localization with WiFi fingerprinting. This paper provides guidelines on where to collect WiFi samples and proposes a new model for received signal strength regression. The new model creates vectors that describe the presence of obstacles between an access point and the collected samples. The vectors, the distance between the access point and the positions of the samples, and the collected, are used to train a Support Vector Regression. The experiments included some relevant analyses and showed that the proposed model improves received signal strength regression in terms of regression residuals and positioning accuracy.
2021
Furfari, Francesco; Crivello, Antonino; Baronti, Paolo; Barsocchi, Paolo; Girolami, Michele; Palumbo, Filippo; Quezada-Gaibor, Darwin; Mendoza-Silva, Germán Martin; Torres-Sospedra, Joaquín
Discovering location based services: A unified approach for heterogeneous indoor localization systems Journal Article
In: Internet of Things, vol. 13, no. 1001511, 2021, ISSN: 2542-6605.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Indoor localization, Indoor positioning, location-based services
@article{Furfari2021,
title = {Discovering location based services: A unified approach for heterogeneous indoor localization systems},
author = {Francesco Furfari and Antonino Crivello and Paolo Baronti and Paolo Barsocchi and Michele Girolami and Filippo Palumbo and Darwin Quezada-Gaibor and Germán Martin Mendoza-Silva and Joaquín Torres-Sospedra},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iot.2020.100334},
issn = {2542-6605},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-03-01},
journal = {Internet of Things},
volume = {13},
number = {1001511},
abstract = {The technological solutions and communication capabilities offered by the Internet of Things paradigm, in terms of raising availability of wearable devices, the ubiquitous internet connection, and the presence on the market of service-oriented solutions, have allowed a wide proposal of Location Based Services (LBS). In a close future, we foresee that companies and service providers will have developed reliable solutions to address indoor positioning, as basis for useful location based services. These solutions will be different from each other and they will adopt different hardware and processing techniques. This paper describes the proposal of a unified approach for Indoor Localization Systems that enables the cooperation between heterogeneous solutions and their functional modules. To this end, we designed an integrated architecture that, abstracting its main components, allows a seamless interaction among them. Finally, we present a working prototype of such architecture, which is based on the popular Telegram application for Android, as an integration demonstrator. The integration of the three main phases –namely the discovery phase, the User Agent self-configuration, and the indoor map retrieval/rendering– demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed integrated architecture.},
keywords = {Indoor localization, Indoor positioning, location-based services},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The technological solutions and communication capabilities offered by the Internet of Things paradigm, in terms of raising availability of wearable devices, the ubiquitous internet connection, and the presence on the market of service-oriented solutions, have allowed a wide proposal of Location Based Services (LBS). In a close future, we foresee that companies and service providers will have developed reliable solutions to address indoor positioning, as basis for useful location based services. These solutions will be different from each other and they will adopt different hardware and processing techniques. This paper describes the proposal of a unified approach for Indoor Localization Systems that enables the cooperation between heterogeneous solutions and their functional modules. To this end, we designed an integrated architecture that, abstracting its main components, allows a seamless interaction among them. Finally, we present a working prototype of such architecture, which is based on the popular Telegram application for Android, as an integration demonstrator. The integration of the three main phases –namely the discovery phase, the User Agent self-configuration, and the indoor map retrieval/rendering– demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed integrated architecture.
2020
Furfari, Francesco; Crivello, Antonino; Baronti, Paolo; Barsocchi, Paolo; Girolami, Michele; Palumbo, Filippo; Quezada-Gaibor, Darwin; Mendoza-Silva, Germán Martín; Torres-Sospedra, Joaquín
Discovering location based services: A unified approach for heterogeneous indoor localization systems Journal Article
In: Internet of Things, vol. 13, pp. 100334, 2020, ISSN: 2542-6605.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: A-wear, Indoor localization
@article{Furfari2020,
title = {Discovering location based services: A unified approach for heterogeneous indoor localization systems},
author = {Francesco Furfari and Antonino Crivello and Paolo Baronti and Paolo Barsocchi and Michele Girolami and Filippo Palumbo and Darwin Quezada-Gaibor and Germán Martín Mendoza-Silva and Joaquín Torres-Sospedra },
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iot.2020.100334 },
issn = {2542-6605},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-02-04},
urldate = {2020-02-04},
journal = {Internet of Things},
volume = {13},
pages = {100334},
abstract = {The technological solutions and communication capabilities offered by the Internet of Things paradigm, in terms of raising availability of wearable devices, the ubiquitous internet connection, and the presence on the market of service-oriented solutions, have allowed a wide proposal of Location Based Services (LBS). In a close future, we foresee that companies and service providers will have developed reliable solutions to address indoor positioning, as basis for useful location based services. These solutions will be different from each other and they will adopt different hardware and processing techniques. This paper describes the proposal of a unified approach for Indoor Localization Systems that enables the cooperation between heterogeneous solutions and their functional modules. To this end, we designed an integrated architecture that, abstracting its main components, allows a seamless interaction among them. Finally, we present a working prototype of such architecture, which is based on the popular Telegram application for Android, as an integration demonstrator. The integration of the three main phases –namely the discovery phase, the User Agent self-configuration, and the indoor map retrieval/rendering– demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed integrated architecture.},
keywords = {A-wear, Indoor localization},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The technological solutions and communication capabilities offered by the Internet of Things paradigm, in terms of raising availability of wearable devices, the ubiquitous internet connection, and the presence on the market of service-oriented solutions, have allowed a wide proposal of Location Based Services (LBS). In a close future, we foresee that companies and service providers will have developed reliable solutions to address indoor positioning, as basis for useful location based services. These solutions will be different from each other and they will adopt different hardware and processing techniques. This paper describes the proposal of a unified approach for Indoor Localization Systems that enables the cooperation between heterogeneous solutions and their functional modules. To this end, we designed an integrated architecture that, abstracting its main components, allows a seamless interaction among them. Finally, we present a working prototype of such architecture, which is based on the popular Telegram application for Android, as an integration demonstrator. The integration of the three main phases –namely the discovery phase, the User Agent self-configuration, and the indoor map retrieval/rendering– demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed integrated architecture.
2018
Torres-Sospedra, Joaquín; Jiménez, Antonio R.; Moreira, Adriano; Lungenstrass, Tomás; Lu, Wei-Chung; Knauth, Stefan; Mendoza-Silva, Germán Martín; Seco, Fernando; Pérez-Navarro, Antoni; Nicolau, Maria João; Costa, António; Meneses, Filipe; Farina, Joaquín; Morales, Juan Pablo; Lu, Wen-Chen; Cheng, Ho-Ti; Yang, Shi-Shen; Fang, Shih-Hau; Chien, Ying-Ren; Tsao, Yu
Off-line evaluation of mobile-centric Indoor Positioning Systems: the experiences from the 2017 IPIN competition Journal Article
In: Sensors, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 487, 2018, ISSN: 1424-8220.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Indoor localization, Indoor positioning
@article{Torres-Sospedra2018,
title = {Off-line evaluation of mobile-centric Indoor Positioning Systems: the experiences from the 2017 IPIN competition},
author = {Joaquín Torres-Sospedra and Antonio R. Jiménez and Adriano Moreira and Tomás Lungenstrass and Wei-Chung Lu and Stefan Knauth and Germán Martín Mendoza-Silva and Fernando Seco and Antoni Pérez-Navarro and Maria João Nicolau and António Costa and Filipe Meneses and Joaquín Farina and Juan Pablo Morales and Wen-Chen Lu and Ho-Ti Cheng and Shi-Shen Yang and Shih-Hau Fang and Ying-Ren Chien and Yu Tsao },
doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/s18020487},
issn = {1424-8220},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-03-01},
journal = {Sensors},
volume = {18},
number = {2},
pages = {487},
abstract = {The development of indoor positioning solutions using smartphones is a growing activity with an enormous potential for everyday life and professional applications. The research activities on this topic concentrate on the development of new positioning solutions that are tested in specific environments under their own evaluation metrics. To explore the real positioning quality of smartphone-based solutions and their capabilities for seamlessly adapting to different scenarios, it is needed to find fair evaluation frameworks. The design of competitions using extensive pre-recorded datasets is a valid way to generate open data for comparing the different solutions created by research teams. In this paper, we discuss the details of the 2017 IPIN indoor localization competition, the different datasets created, the teams participating in the event, and the results they obtained. We compare these results with other competition-based approaches (Microsoft and Perf-loc) and on-line evaluation web sites. The lessons learned by organising these competitions and the benefits for the community are addressed along the paper. Our analysis paves the way for future developments on the standardization of evaluations and for creating a widely-adopted benchmark strategy for researchers and companies in the field},
keywords = {Indoor localization, Indoor positioning},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The development of indoor positioning solutions using smartphones is a growing activity with an enormous potential for everyday life and professional applications. The research activities on this topic concentrate on the development of new positioning solutions that are tested in specific environments under their own evaluation metrics. To explore the real positioning quality of smartphone-based solutions and their capabilities for seamlessly adapting to different scenarios, it is needed to find fair evaluation frameworks. The design of competitions using extensive pre-recorded datasets is a valid way to generate open data for comparing the different solutions created by research teams. In this paper, we discuss the details of the 2017 IPIN indoor localization competition, the different datasets created, the teams participating in the event, and the results they obtained. We compare these results with other competition-based approaches (Microsoft and Perf-loc) and on-line evaluation web sites. The lessons learned by organising these competitions and the benefits for the community are addressed along the paper. Our analysis paves the way for future developments on the standardization of evaluations and for creating a widely-adopted benchmark strategy for researchers and companies in the field
2017
Torres-Sospedra, Joaquín; Jiménez, Antonio R; Knauth, Stefan; Moreira, Adriano; Beer, Yair; Fetzer, Toni; Ta, Viet-Cuong; Montoliu, Raul; Seco, Fernando; Mendoza-Silva, Germán Martín; Belmonte, Oscar; Koukofikis, Athanasios; Nicolau, Maria João; Costa, António; Meneses, Filipe; Ebner, Frank; Deinzer, Frank; Vaufreydaz, Dominique; Dao, Trung-Kien; Castelli, Eric
The Smartphone-Based Offline Indoor Location Competition at IPIN 2016: Analysis and Future Work Journal Article
In: Sensors, vol. 17, no. 3, ARTICLE NUMBER = 557, 2017, ISSN: 1424-8220.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Indoor localization
@article{s17030557,
title = {The Smartphone-Based Offline Indoor Location Competition at IPIN 2016: Analysis and Future Work},
author = {Joaquín Torres-Sospedra and Antonio R Jiménez and Stefan Knauth and Adriano Moreira and Yair Beer and Toni Fetzer and Viet-Cuong Ta and Raul Montoliu and Fernando Seco and Germán Martín Mendoza-Silva and Oscar Belmonte and Athanasios Koukofikis and Maria João Nicolau and António Costa and Filipe Meneses and Frank Ebner and Frank Deinzer and Dominique Vaufreydaz and Trung-Kien Dao and Eric Castelli},
url = {http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/17/3/557},
doi = {10.3390/s17030557},
issn = {1424-8220},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-03-10},
journal = {Sensors},
volume = {17},
number = {3, ARTICLE NUMBER = 557},
abstract = {This paper presents the analysis and discussion of the off-site localization competition track, which took place during the Seventh International Conference on Indoor Positioning and Indoor Navigation (IPIN 2016). Five international teams proposed different strategies for smartphone-based indoor positioning using the same reference data. The competitors were provided with several smartphone-collected signal datasets, some of which were used for training (known trajectories), and others for evaluating (unknown trajectories). The competition permits a coherent evaluation method of the competitors’ estimations, where inside information to fine-tune their systems is not offered, and thus provides, in our opinion, a good starting point to introduce a fair comparison between the smartphone-based systems found in the literature. The methodology, experience, feedback from competitors and future working lines are described.},
keywords = {Indoor localization},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This paper presents the analysis and discussion of the off-site localization competition track, which took place during the Seventh International Conference on Indoor Positioning and Indoor Navigation (IPIN 2016). Five international teams proposed different strategies for smartphone-based indoor positioning using the same reference data. The competitors were provided with several smartphone-collected signal datasets, some of which were used for training (known trajectories), and others for evaluating (unknown trajectories). The competition permits a coherent evaluation method of the competitors’ estimations, where inside information to fine-tune their systems is not offered, and thus provides, in our opinion, a good starting point to introduce a fair comparison between the smartphone-based systems found in the literature. The methodology, experience, feedback from competitors and future working lines are described.
2016
Mendoza-Silva, Germán Martín; Torres-Sospedra, Joaquín; Huerta-Guijarro, Joaquín; Montoliu, Raul; Benítez, Fernando; Belmonte, Oscar
Situation Goodness Method for Weighted Centroid-Based Wi-Fi APs Localization Conference
Progress in Location-Based Services 2016, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2016, ISBN: 978-3-319-47289-8.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Indoor localization, Interpolation, LBS, Weighted centroid, Wi-Fi mapping
@conference{Mendoza-Silva2017,
title = {Situation Goodness Method for Weighted Centroid-Based Wi-Fi APs Localization},
author = {Germán Martín Mendoza-Silva and Joaquín Torres-Sospedra and Joaquín Huerta-Guijarro and Raul Montoliu and Fernando Benítez and Oscar Belmonte},
editor = {Gartner, Georg and Huang, Haosheng},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47289-8_2},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-47289-8_2},
isbn = {978-3-319-47289-8},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-10-13},
booktitle = {Progress in Location-Based Services 2016},
pages = {27--47},
publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
address = {Cham},
abstract = {Knowing the location of Wi-Fi antennas may be critical for indoor localization. However, in a real environment, their positions may be unknown since they can be managed by external entities. This paper introduces a new method for evaluating the suitability of using the weighted centroid method for the 2D localization of a Wi-Fi AP. The method is based on the idea that the weighted centroid method provides its best results when there are fingerprints taken around the AP. In order to find the probability of being in the presence of such situations, a natural neighbor interpolation method is used to find the regions with the highest signal strengths. A geometrical method is then used to characterize that probability based on the distribution of those regions in relation to the AP position estimation given by the weighted centroid method. The paper describes the testing location and the used Wi-Fi fingerprints database. That database is used to create new databases that recreate different sampling possibilities through a samples deletion strategy. The original database and the newly created ones are then used to evaluate the localization results of several AP localization methods and the new method proposed in this paper. The evaluation results have shown that the proposed method is able to provide a proper probability for the suitability of using the weighted centroid method for localizing a Wi-Fi AP.},
keywords = {Indoor localization, Interpolation, LBS, Weighted centroid, Wi-Fi mapping},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Knowing the location of Wi-Fi antennas may be critical for indoor localization. However, in a real environment, their positions may be unknown since they can be managed by external entities. This paper introduces a new method for evaluating the suitability of using the weighted centroid method for the 2D localization of a Wi-Fi AP. The method is based on the idea that the weighted centroid method provides its best results when there are fingerprints taken around the AP. In order to find the probability of being in the presence of such situations, a natural neighbor interpolation method is used to find the regions with the highest signal strengths. A geometrical method is then used to characterize that probability based on the distribution of those regions in relation to the AP position estimation given by the weighted centroid method. The paper describes the testing location and the used Wi-Fi fingerprints database. That database is used to create new databases that recreate different sampling possibilities through a samples deletion strategy. The original database and the newly created ones are then used to evaluate the localization results of several AP localization methods and the new method proposed in this paper. The evaluation results have shown that the proposed method is able to provide a proper probability for the suitability of using the weighted centroid method for localizing a Wi-Fi AP.